Study Guide
Course Outline 📖
Topics drawn from past questions for every SLT course — ND1 and ND2, all four semesters. Tap any course to expand. Download a semester to save or share.
Topics are extracted directly from past exam questions. Courses marked Coming Soon will be updated as more past questions are uploaded. Downloaded copies carry a watermark for sharing.
📅 ND1 — First Semester · 26 Units
STB 111
Plant and Animal Taxonomy
C · 3.0 Units
Coming Soon
STB 112
Morphology and Physiology of Living Things
C · 2.0 Units
Coming Soon
STC 111
General Principles of Chemistry
E · 3.0 Units
Coming Soon
STC 112
Inorganic Chemistry I
C · 2.0 Units
Coming Soon
STP 111
Mechanics
C · 3.0 Units
Coming Soon
STP 112
Heat Energy
E · 2.0 Units
Coming Soon
STP 113
Electronic Logic for Science
C · 2.0 Units
Coming Soon
GLT 111
General Laboratory Techniques I
C · 2.0 Units
Coming Soon
MTH 113
Algebra for Science
E · 2.0 Units
Coming Soon
GNS 101
Use of English I
G · 2.0 Units
Coming Soon
GNS 111
Citizenship Education
E · 2.0 Units
Coming Soon
LIB 111
Use of Library
C · 1.0 Unit
Coming Soon
📅 ND1 — Second Semester · 24 Units
STB 121
Cell Biology
C · 3.0 Units
TOPIC 01
Cell Structure and Theory
- Definition of cell and cell theory
- Types of cells (prokaryotic and eukaryotic)
- Cell components and organisation
TOPIC 02
Cell Organelles and Functions
- Mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, Endoplasmic reticulum
- Lysosome, Ribosome, Cell wall, Vacuole
- Cell membrane, Cytoplasm, Nucleus and Nuclear membrane
TOPIC 03
Cell Division — Mitosis
- Definition of mitosis and its stages (with diagram)
- Significance of mitosis
- Structure and functions of cytoplasm and nucleus
TOPIC 04
Respiration and Fermentation
- Aerobic vs anaerobic respiration (4 differences)
- Significance of respiratory process
- Economic importance of fermentation
TOPIC 05
Photosynthesis
- Definition of photosynthesis
- Two essential stages of photosynthesis
- Six macro elements required by green plants
TOPIC 06
Plant Transport Processes
- Transpiration — definition and five factors affecting rate
- Translocation — five steps and three significance
- Growth process in plants
STC 121
Organic Chemistry I
C · 2.0 Units
TOPIC 01
Basic Organic Chemistry Concepts
- Isomerism and functional group definitions
- Homologous series — properties and members
- Types of hydrocarbons (alkanes, alkenes, alkynes)
- Straight-chain vs branched-chain hydrocarbons
TOPIC 02
Alkanes
- Four physical properties of alkanes
- Structure drawing (2,4-dimethylpentane, 1,3-dimethylhexane)
- Straight chain vs branch chain with examples
TOPIC 03
Alkenes and Alkynes
- First three members of alkenes
- Four physical properties of alkenes
- Four methods of preparation of alkenes
- Cis-trans isomerism (drawing structures)
TOPIC 04
Alcohols
- Three classes of alcohol (primary, secondary, tertiary)
- Three classes of monohydric alcohol
- Four properties of alcohol
- IUPAC naming (CH₃OH, CH₃CH₂OH, CH₃CHOH, etc.)
TOPIC 05
Alcohol Reactions and Preparation
- Hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes
- Hydration of alkenes
- Fermentation of carbohydrates
- Combustion, R-OH cleavage, ester formation, oxidation
TOPIC 06
Aldehydes and Ketones
- Structure of aldehydes (methanal, ethanal, 2-methylbutanal, benzaldehyde)
- Physical properties of aldehydes
- Structure of ketones (propanone, pentan-3-one, phenylethanone, butanone)
STC 122
Physical Chemistry
C · 2.0 Units
TOPIC 01
Chemical Kinetics
- Rate of chemical reaction — definition
- Six factors affecting rate of reaction
- Zero, first and second order reactions
- Rate constant and rate equations
TOPIC 02
Activation Energy and Arrhenius Equation
- Activation energy — definition
- Arrhenius equation — statement and application
- Temperature effect on reaction rate (295K to 305K/350K)
- Catalyst and autocatalyst definitions and types
TOPIC 03
Vapour Pressure and Boiling Point
- Vapour pressure definition and characteristics
- Boiling point definition
- Raoult's law — statement and mathematical expression
- Vapour pressure vs temperature graph
TOPIC 04
Electrolysis
- Definition of electrolysis
- Faraday's First and Second Laws (mathematical expressions)
- Electrode and electrolytic cell (types, uses, circuit diagram)
- Calculations — copper sulphate, silver, Avogadro constant
TOPIC 05
Colligative Properties and Solutions
- Osmosis, osmotic pressure, colligative properties definitions
- Ideal solution definition
- Mole fraction calculations
- Dilution calculations (HCl, H₂SO₄)
STC 123
Analytical Chemistry
C · 3.0 Units
TOPIC 01
Basics of Analytical Chemistry
- Classical vs instrumental methods of analysis (4 differences)
- Qualitative vs quantitative analysis
- Replicate samples, specific/selective methods, heterogeneous sample, sampling
- Interdisciplinary areas of analytical chemistry
TOPIC 02
Laboratory Calculations
- Solution preparation (15% w/v glucose, dilution of H₂SO₄)
- Millimoles calculations (KMnO₄, CuSO₄ in ppm)
- Concentration — definition and four expressions
- Error definition and types
TOPIC 03
Chromatography
- Definition of chromatography and elution
- Qualitative and quantitative analysis in chromatography
- HPLC — four advantages and four typical applications
- GLC — six characteristics, schematic diagram
- Components: open tubular column, sample injection, packed column, flame ionization detector
TOPIC 04
Electrophoresis and Separation
- Definition of electrophoresis
- Two major types and techniques of electrophoresis
- Accuracy vs precision and dry ashing vs wet digestion
TOPIC 05
Laboratory Safety and Technique
- Four steps of quantitative analysis
- Four laboratory accidents and prevention
- Laboratory apparatus for specific operations
- Four precautions to observe in a laboratory
STP 121
Electricity and Magnetism
C · 3.0 Units
Coming Soon
STP 122
Optics and Waves
E · 2.0 Units
TOPIC 01
Human Eye and Vision
- Twelve different parts of the human eye
- Eye defects — myopia, hypermetropia and correction
- Near point and far point calculations with spectacles
- Human eye vs camera differentiation
TOPIC 02
Optical Instruments
- List of optical instruments
- Astronomical telescope — magnification in normal adjustment
- Angular magnification when image forms at 25cm from eyepiece
TOPIC 03
Sound Waves and Intensity
- Intensity of sound — explication and parameters
- Intensity level in decibels (dB) calculations
- Power comparison between amplifiers
- Distance-intensity calculations for omni-directional source
TOPIC 04
Light and Wave Properties
- Reflection vs refraction (differentiation)
- Superposition vs interference (differentiation)
- Crest and trough explanation
- Resonance — definition and familiar example
- Diffraction and interference in sound waves
TOPIC 05
Photometry and Refraction Calculations
- Luminous intensity, luminance, illuminance definitions
- 60° prism with refractive index 1.60 — minimum deviation angle
- Refractive index and prism deviation
COM 123
Computer Application Packages I
C · 2.0 Units
TOPIC 01
Word Processing
- Definition of word processing
- Four features of word processing operations
- Five advantages over manual typewriter
- Two examples of word processing packages
TOPIC 02
Computer Software
- Three differences between system and application software
- Five examples of system software, three of application software
- Four examples of a database system
- Three advantages of application software
TOPIC 03
Database Systems
- Eight data types in a database
- Database objects: form, query, table, report
- Four functions of Microsoft Word commands (Ctrl+O, Ctrl+N, Ctrl+X, Ctrl+P)
- File vs folder differences (four factors)
TOPIC 04
Spreadsheet Application
- Formula, constant, operator, cell, spreadsheet definitions
- Six uses of spreadsheet
- Workbook vs worksheet differences
- Four users of spreadsheet
TOPIC 05
File Management and Document Tools
- Four alignment types and shortcuts in Word
- File extensions: .xls, .doc, .accdb, .ppt
- Softcopy vs hardcopy, print vs print preview
- Backspace vs delete, save vs save as
- Page range printing calculations
GLT 121
General Laboratory Techniques II
C · 2.0 Units
TOPIC 01
Plant Collection and Herbarium
- Definition of plant collection and first steps to take
- Six steps for collecting plant specimens
- Planning of plant collection
- Five details to record in a field notebook
- Five precautionary measures when pressing plant materials
- How to store herbarium
TOPIC 02
Preservation Techniques
- Definition of preservation
- Three general steps for animal preservation (wet preservation)
- Four reasons for animal preservation
- Use of formalin and its concentration
- Chemical preservatives and their usage
TOPIC 03
Laboratory Safety and Chemical Storage
- Safe storage of chemicals — considerations
- Ways to manage laboratory waste
- Types of laboratory waste with examples
TOPIC 04
Solutions and Separation Techniques
- Solvent, standard solution, extraction, polarity, saturated solution definitions
- Ten ways to achieve purity
- Distillation diagram (well labelled)
- Chromatography — three components and five applications
- Rf value calculation
- Molar concentration calculation
TOPIC 05
Aquarium Techniques
- Definition of aquarium
- Five types of aquarium
- Five importance of aquarium
- Filtration system for aquarium
PTD 121
Technical Drawing and Workshop Practice
E · 2.0 Units
TOPIC 01
Geometrical Construction — Polygons
- Octagon construction in a square (side AB = 40mm)
- Pentagon, square and heptagon construction (AB = 50mm, general method)
- Definition and types of polygons
- Five types of quadrilateral (drawn)
TOPIC 02
Angles and Circle Geometry
- Degrees in a circle, semi-circle, quadrant, right angle
- Construction of angles: 22½°, 75°, 87½°, 60°, 120°, 45°
- Circumcircle construction (triangle ABC, AB=90mm, angle BAC=60°)
- Circle geometry — natural examples
TOPIC 03
Technical Lettering and Lines
- Definition of lettering, styles and types
- Name and draw types of lines with uses
- Title block and border line — importance
TOPIC 04
Ellipse Construction
- Definition and types of ellipse
- Construct ellipse using Auxiliary method (major 50mm, minor 30mm)
TOPIC 05
Projection and Freehand Drawing
- Isometric projection — draw block as shown
- Freehand sketch of six laboratory equipment/tools
EED 126
Introduction to Entrepreneurship
C · 1.0 Unit
TOPIC 01
Entrepreneurship Concepts
- Classes of entrepreneurship (business, social, techno-preneurs, intrepreneurs)
- Types of entrepreneurs (opportunist, inventor, techno-preneur, self-employer, acquirer)
- Features of business enterprise (except questions)
TOPIC 02
Self-Employment and Business Environment
- Challenges of self-employment
- Strength of demand and market
- Scales of industry (micro, small, medium, large) with investment ranges
TOPIC 03
Entrepreneurship Support and Incentives
- Package of incentives (fiscal measures, export promotion, development banking)
- NERFUND full meaning and role
- Goal setting as a powerful process
TOPIC 04
Business Ownership and Economy
- Economic growth — meaning (expansion in real national income per head)
- VAT, BOI, ISIC, SBA acronyms
- Factors of production: land, labour, capital, organization
- Business opportunity criteria
TOPIC 05
Entrepreneurial Skills and Traits
- Secrets of a successful entrepreneur
- Creativity and lateral thinking
- Factors needed to be a successful entrepreneur
- Technopreneur origin and definition
GNS 102
Communication in English I
G · 2.0 Units
Coming Soon
📅 ND2 — First Semester · 26 Units
STB 211
Pest and Pest Control
C · 2.0 Units
Coming Soon
STB 212
Pathology
E · 2.0 Units
TOPIC 01
Parasites and Host Relationship
- Five categories of parasites with examples
- Two differences between Tuberculosis and Gonorrhoea (causative agent, body part affected)
- Commensalism, vector, host, parasitism, mutualism definitions
- Two types of vectors
TOPIC 02
Pathogenesis of Microorganisms
- Pathogenesis of Entamoeba histolytica — how it invades tissues
- Modes of infection and prevention of Plasmodium species
- Economic significance of Plasmodium
TOPIC 03
Parasitic Organisms
- Definition of infection, pathogenesis, parasites
- Five characteristics of Schistosomes
- Life cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides (diagram)
- Five characteristics of class cestodes
TOPIC 04
Control and Prevention
- Methods of control and prevention of infection
- Three types of phytopathogenic bacteria diseases
- Two types of nematode
STM 211
Introduction to Microbiology
C · 3.0 Units
TOPIC 01
Introduction to Microbiology
- Definition of microbiology and its importance
- Five different types of microscope
- Koch's Postulate — statement
- Contributions of Edward Jenner, Christian Gram, Richard Petri, Alexander Fleming
TOPIC 02
Microscopy and Staining
- Five major steps involved in acid fast staining
- List the coccoid forms of bacteria with one example
- Draw a well-labelled T4 bacteriophage
- Gram stain reaction — steps
TOPIC 03
Sterilization and Disinfection
- Sterilization vs disinfection vs sanitizer vs germicide vs antiseptic vs antimicrobial agent
- Sterilisation methods: autoclaving, hot air sterilisation, pasteurisation
- Why halogens are useful in control of microorganisms
- Four reasons why irradiation is applicable
TOPIC 04
Laboratory Cultivation of Microorganisms
- Three physical states of a culture medium
- Outline a well-structured laboratory procedure for cultivating bacteria
- Three precautions when culturing microorganisms
- Major difference between agar and culture medium
TOPIC 05
Laboratory Terminology
- Serial dilution, streak plating, spread plating definitions
- Major difference between pure culture and mixed culture
- Difference between agar and culture medium
STC 211
Inorganic Chemistry II
E · 2.0 Units
Coming Soon
STC 212
Instrumental and Analytical Chemistry
C · 3.0 Units
TOPIC 01
NMR Spectroscopy
- Definition of NMR Spectrum
- Nuclear spin states and splitting
- Graphical representation of splitting on external magnetic field
- Process of MRI magnetic resonance imaging
- Proton NMR spectra — chemical shift value explanation
- Chemical shift range (d 2.5ppm and d 3.0ppm)
TOPIC 02
Chromatography and Gas Chromatography
- Definition of chromatography and retention factor
- Five types of gas chromatography detectors
- Well-labelled schematic diagram of a working GC process
- Carbon environments in organic compounds (ketone, carboxylic acid, aldehyde, alkene, alkyne)
TOPIC 03
Spectrophotometry
- Four forms of electromagnetic radiation
- Single vs double beam spectrophotometer
- Monochromator — definition and two examples
- Most popular methods of producing monochromatic radiation
- Absorbance and molar absorptivity — definitions
- Beer-Lambert law — what law governs spectrophotometry
TOPIC 04
Calculations in Spectrophotometry
- Transmittance to absorbance conversion (0.318, 0.876, 0.460, 0.105, 7.00)
- Molar absorptivity of 10ml sample at 495nm (absorbance 0.0634)
- Concentration of 25g compound (MW 384.25) in 500ml flask
- Wavelength in m, nm and km conversions
TOPIC 05
Electromagnetic Radiation Properties
- Fluorescence, excitation state, retention factor definitions
- Five important laboratory quality control practices
- Infrared light frequency at wavenumber 2200cm⁻¹
- Emission line for copper at 211.0nm
- Quantization energy definition
STP 211
Electronics
C · 3.0 Units
Coming Soon
STP 213
Thermodynamics and Electromagnetism
E · 2.0 Units
TOPIC 01
Laws of Thermodynamics
- Zeroth and First law of Thermodynamics — statement and itemisation
- Second law of Thermodynamics — statement and applications
- Human metabolism and thermodynamics
TOPIC 02
Thermodynamic Calculations
- Change in internal energy of a system (heat transfer and work done)
- Isobaric process formula: W = PAV
- Total work done in cyclical process ABCDA on PV diagram
- Calculating work along each segment of the path
MTH 213
Calculus for Science
E · 2.0 Units
TOPIC 01
Limits
- L'Hôpital's rule — definition and application
- Evaluating limits (lim x→0, lim x→3, lim x→2, lim x→1)
- Show that lim x→0 sinx/x = 1
TOPIC 02
Differentiation
- Differentiate y = Sin ax using first principle
- Find dy/dx for y = 3x⁴ – 7x³ + 5x + 1 (implicit)
- First, second and third derivative of given functions
TOPIC 03
Integration
- Integrate: ∫e^(3x+4) dx, ∫4x^(5-1) dx, definite integrals
- Integration by parts: ∫x² e^(2x) dx
- Parametric functions: x(t) = Sint, y(t) = Cost — find dy/dx at indicated points
TOPIC 04
Applications of Calculus
- Volume of revolution (curve y = 2x³–3, rotated along y-axis, x=1 and x=4)
- Maximum and minimum points on curve y = x³ + 3x² – 9x + 3
- Sketch the curve
GNS 201
Use of English II
G · 2.0 Units
TOPIC 01
Sentence Types and Grammar
- Functional types of sentences
- Grammatical names of underlined clauses in sentences
- Denotative vs connotative word meaning (Lion, Sugar, Light, Oil, Father)
TOPIC 02
Literary Terms
- Clause that doesn't make sense on its own = subordinate clause
- Literal vs dictionary definition = denotation
- Meaning beyond surface/literal form = connotation
- Form of play that ends on a sad note = tragedy
- Recreation of action physically on stage = drama
TOPIC 03
Literature — Merchants of Perfidy
- Relevance of Merchants of Perfidy by Muyiwa Ojo to Nigerian Contemporary
- Names of characters and places in the play
- Comprehension passage on modern fashion and spending habits
TOPIC 04
Essay Writing
- Impact of inflation on Nigerian households
- Impact of online learning on Nigerian students
- Significance of Student Unionism on campus
COM 215
Computer Application Packages II
C · 2.0 Units
TOPIC 01
Microsoft Excel — Spreadsheet Basics
- Definition of spreadsheet software
- Terms: active cell, value, label, row, column, formula, range, chart
- Four uses of spreadsheet software
- Steps to save a workbook
TOPIC 02
Excel Formulas and Functions
- Appropriate Excel formulas (SUM, AVERAGE, COUNT, MAX, MIN)
- Calculate: highest score, lowest score, total scores, number of times a score appears
- Calculating averages from a class score table
TOPIC 03
Microsoft PowerPoint
- Definition of PowerPoint
- Four features of the PowerPoint environment
- Microsoft Office programs viewpoints
- How to insert an online picture into a slide
- Animate an object, setup a presentation
TOPIC 04
Computer Booting and Software
- Computer booting process — explanation
- Two types of computer packages
- Three ways to acquire computer packages
- Three criteria for application packages acceptability
- Six categories of application packages and functions
TOPIC 05
File Operations and GUI
- GUI vs CLI differentiation
- Clipboard and selection definitions
- File operations: cut and paste, save and save as, open a file, create a file
- How to move a text from one location to another in a document
SLT 211
Research Methodology
C · 2.0 Units
TOPIC 01
Definition and Types of Research
- Definition of research
- Five significance of research
- Types: descriptive, analytical, applied, fundamental, qualitative, quantitative
TOPIC 02
Research Process
- Stepwise processes to effectively carry out research (project topic)
- Three major methods of data collection in research
- Six-step Research Design Guide
TOPIC 03
Sampling Methods
- Define sampling and importance in research
- Compare probability and non-probability sampling
- Stratified and systematic sampling with examples
- Advantages and limitations of sampling techniques
TOPIC 04
Questionnaire and Data Analysis
- Characteristics of a well-designed questionnaire
- How reliability and validity can be ensured
- Three measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode)
- Three ways descriptive statistics can be summarised
TOPIC 05
Statistical Tests
- Matched paired testing — definition
- Variation, mean, statistical test type, mode, frequency distribution
- Five statistical test types
GNS 206
Introduction to Psychometric Study
C · 1.0 Unit
Coming Soon
SLT 212
Seminar
C · 1.0 Unit
Coming Soon
📅 ND2 — Second Semester · 25 Units
GLT 222
General Laboratory Techniques IV (Glass Blowing)
C · 2.0 Units
Coming Soon
STC 221
Organic Chemistry II
E · 2.0 Units
Coming Soon
STC 222
Biochemistry
C · 3.0 Units
Coming Soon
STP 221
Maintenance and Repairs of Scientific Equipment
C · 3.0 Units
Coming Soon
EED 226
Practices of Entrepreneurship
C · 1.5 Units
Coming Soon
STB 221
Genetics
E · 2.0 Units
TOPIC 01
Blood Group Genetics
- ABO blood group system
- Blood group antigens (A, B, AB, O)
- Blood typing and compatibility
TOPIC 02
Paternity Testing and Genetic Applications
- Definition of paternity testing
- Importance and reasons for paternity testing
- Applications of genetic testing
TOPIC 03
Mutation
- Causes and factors of mutation
- Types of mutation
- Genetic variation resulting from mutation
TOPIC 04
Chromosomal Abnormalities and Syndromes
- X chromosome abnormalities
- Sex chromosome disorders
- Common genetic syndromes — examples and characteristics
TOPIC 05
Mendelian Disorders
- Autosomal recessive disorders — examples
- Autosomal dominant disorders — examples
- Sex-linked disorders — examples
STB 222
Ecology
E · 3.0 Units
Coming Soon
GNS 113
Industrial Management
E · 2.0 Units
TOPIC 01
Theories and Principles of Management
- Classical theory of management
- Principles of management
- Management concepts
TOPIC 02
Industrialization in Nigeria
- Meaning of industrialization
- Reasons for firms and industries
- Strategies of industrialization in Nigeria
TOPIC 03
Types of Industry and Enterprise
- Primary, secondary and tertiary industries
- Formal vs informal enterprise (differences)
- Classification of industries
TOPIC 04
Localization and Business Ownership
- Meaning and importance of localization of industry
- Factors affecting industrial location
- Forms of business ownership: partnership, public corporation, private limited liability, cooperative society
TOPIC 05
Money, Finance and Industrial Development
- Metal money and credit system
- Thrift and cooperative society
- Positive and negative effects of industrial development
GNS 121
Citizenship Education II
E · 2.0 Units
Coming Soon
GNS 202
Communication in English II
G · 2.0 Units
Coming Soon